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Yenisseian etymology :

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\data\yenisey\yenet
Proto-Yenisseian: *čVkV
Meaning: grass, moss
Ket: tagdǝ́, pl. tagdeŋ5 'grass for slipsoles' (Werner 2, 231 tàgdɛ́ 'Bast vom Geißblattstrauch, der als Stiefeleinlage gebraucht wurde'; tágdɔkś 'Geißblattstrauch')
Kottish: d́igen 'moss'
Arin: čüju (Лоск.) 'grass', čüinboson (Лоск.) 'hay', čüinurl[ɨ]ga (Лоск.) 'seed'
Comments: A rather tentative reconstruction presupposing an assimilation (d́igen < *čigen) in Kott. Ket tagdǝ́ is separated from Yug. t́ādeŋ following the correction in Werner 1, 243.
Proto-Yenisseian: *da
Meaning: to be, become
Ket: á-v-ŕa, Mid. ā-b-da
Yug: a:h-b-da
Comments: Werner 1, 83 (w.r.).
Proto-Yenisseian: *daʔŋ (~ʒ-)
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: tasty
Ket: daʔŋ (КРС)
Yug: daŋ
Comments: ССЕ 219. Werner 1, 179.
Proto-Yenisseian: *daʔr1
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: sinew
Ket: daʔĺ, pl. daĺeŋ5 (кур. daĺǝŋ5)
Yug: daʔr, pl. darɨŋ5
Kottish: tal, pl. tálaŋ "Sehne, Faden"
Comments: ССЕ 219. Werner 1, 179 <*daʔʎ>.
Proto-Yenisseian: *dagV (~-G-)
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: bat
Kottish: tagála (М., Сл., Кл.); Ass. tagalá (М., Сл., Кл.)
Pumpokol: dágo-úte (Сл.)
Comments: ССЕ 219. In Ket cf. (КРС) tʌguĺop, toulop, tʌgulep, tʌgɨĺop 'weasel' - although initial t- is irregular (analogy with ta:ĺ 'otter'? or a reinterpretation as *tǝga(L)+koʔp lit. "breasty chipmuck"??; Werner 2, 296 suggests an unidentified tʌ- + *kulVp 'ermine' ). An interpretation of Костяков 1981 (derivation from *dōq- 'to fly') is also not excluded.
Proto-Yenisseian: *dam-χuχ
Meaning: window
Ket: dö́mbok (М., Сл.)
Yug: xamgok, pl. -ŋ (Кастр.)
Kottish: tamuk, pl. tamūnaŋ; Ass. (Бол.) tuma[], (М., Сл., Кл.) tamú, (Кл.) tamuk
Arin: tímquj (М., Сл., Кл.); (Лоск.) timkuj
Pumpokol: dámkuk (Сл.)
Comments: ССЕ 219. A compound; the second compounent is *χuχ 'hole' (q.v.). The first component is unclear: perhaps we are dealing with a corrupted *daŋ-χuχ, where *daŋ is an archaic plural of *de- 'eye' (i.e. "eye-hole"). One should note that the Yug form underwent an assimilation: *damχuχ > *χamχuχ > xamgok. Werner's (2, 235-236) explanation as "arrow" (see *dVm) + "hole" could help explain the Yug form as *qäm (another kind of arrow) + "hole", but I really cannot see why a window should be called "arrow-hole".
Proto-Yenisseian: *däq
Meaning: to shoot
Ket: h-daq, k-daq
Kottish: f-o-tek-ŋ 'I shoot'
Comments: ССЕ 219. Г. Старостин 1995, 170. Werner 1, 309 reconstructs *ph...daq, but says that the meaning 'shoot' "entsteht erst durch das h-Determinativ". This is not completely true, because the combination of *däq with the k-preverb has the same meaning in Ket (see Werner 1, 399).
Proto-Yenisseian: *de
Meaning: to go, go away
Ket: -den / -t(n)
Yug: -de
Comments: Werner 1, 186, 261 *de / *den.
Proto-Yenisseian: *deʔG
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: lake
Ket: dɛʔ, pl. dēŋ
Yug: dɛʔ, pl. deŋ
Kottish: ūr-tēg, ūr-tēx, pl. ūr-takŋ; асс. urtek (Бол.), urtég (М., Сл., Кл.)
Arin: kur-t́ú (М., Сл., Кл.); (Лоск.) kur-tük
Pumpokol: dánniŋ (Сл.) (plural form)
Comments: ССЕ 219. Kott. and Arin reflect a compound with *xur(a) 'fluid'. Werner 1, 185 <*degǝ / *deʔǝ>. [NB: Werner also lists Ar. dalaj 'see' analyzed as "da + laj, vgl. ar. H laj 'Sumpf'" - an obvious mistake, because dalaj is a transparent Mong. loanword].
Proto-Yenisseian: *de(ʔ)n
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: nipple, milk
Kottish: ten, pl. tanaŋ "nipple"
Arin: téŋul (М., Сл., Срсл., Кл.) "milk"
Pumpokol: den (Сл., Срсл., Кл.) "milk"
Comments: ССЕ 220. Ar. teŋul < *ten + kul 'nipple' + 'water' (см. *xur1). Werner 2, 258 *den.
Proto-Yenisseian: *deʔV ( ~ -G-)
Meaning: a k. of fish
Ket: -dɛ́ in hagdɛ́ (see *pag-deʔV), (Castr.) dē 'Plötze')
Yug: de:3, dei3 'Cyprinus rutilus'
Comments: Werner 1, 186 <*degǝ>.
Proto-Yenisseian: *ded-
Meaning: a k. of trap (черкан)
Ket: dɛdǝŋ5 ōkś (Bak., Sur.), Kur. dɛŕǝŋ5 ōkś
Comments: A compound with с ōkś 'tree'. Possibly of Altaic origin (cf. Manch. dadari "trap for a ferret", Kor. tǝt 'trap' < Alt. *tāde).
Proto-Yenisseian: *de-s
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: eye
Ket: dēś
Yug: des
Kottish: tīš, асс. teš, tiš
Arin: ti-eŋ
Pumpokol: dat
Comments: ССЕ 220. The root proper is *de- (cf. the Arin form representing an original pluralm as well as Kott. te-gan, te-kan 'light' = 'eye' + 'light', see *gǝʔn); the final *-s is a singulative morpheme (cf. -sa in *xu-sa 'one', as well as *pa 'time(s)' : *pa-s 'one time'). Werner 1, 187 <*det' / *des>.
Proto-Yenisseian: *dǝʔǝr1-
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: powder; dirt
Ket: dʌ:ĺ3 powder (flour) made of ground fish ('порса')
Yug: dʌ:hr4 id.
Kottish: taran 'dirt'
Comments: ССЕ 220. Werner 1, 215 <*dǝʔǝʎǝ / *dǝgǝʎ>, doubting the attribution of Kott. taran.
Proto-Yenisseian: *dǝʔq-
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: quickly
Ket: dʌqtǝ5 (Werner 1, 216: dǝ̄qta1)
Yug: dʌхtɨ5,6
Comments: ССЕ 220. Possibly an old formation with the prefixed *d-; without this element cf. *ʔǝʔq-pVs "suddenly". Werner 1, 216.
Proto-Yenisseian: *dǝʔq-
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: to live, life
Ket: dʌʔq
Yug: dʌʔx // dʌʔq
Comments: ССЕ 221. Werner 1, 215.
Proto-Yenisseian: *dǝk(V)-keʔt
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: Nenets (юрак)
Ket: dʌkkɛt5 (Kur.), Bak. dъ̄ɣǝt, pl. dъ̄dǝŋ
Yug: dʌjgit5
Comments: ССЕ 221. Werner 1, 212 (without reconstruction).
Proto-Yenisseian: *dǝĺi
Meaning: willow
Ket: dʌĺ-okś5 (Kur.), pl. dъ̄ĺiɣit1; Bak., Sur. dʌĺit5 / dʌĺɣit5, pl. dʌĺit6 / dʌĺɣit6; South. dʌĺɣit5, pl. dʌĺɣit6; cf. Imb. dʌĺɔ́ ( < dʌĺɔ:3) "willow wood"
Yug: dъ̄ĺ-git1, pl. dъĺgat1
Kottish: tīli, *tīle, *tīĺe, pl. tīlaŋan "Weidengebüsch"
Arin: tal-set (Лоск.) "willow"
Comments: ССЕ 221. The word is most probably of Turkic origin: cf. PT *dāɫ 'willow, branch' (VEWT 457).
Proto-Yenisseian: *dǝm
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: arrow; net needle
Ket: dʌmbɔk6, pl. dʌmbɔk5; South. pl. dʌmbɔkŋ5 'net needle'
Yug: dʌmɔk6 / dʌmbɔk6, pl. dʌmbɔkŋ5 'net needle'
Kottish: tem (Бол., М., Сл., Кл.) "arrow"; Ass. (М., Сл., Кл.) tem, (Кл.) tɨm id.
Arin: tim (М., Сл., Кл.), timɨm (Лоск.) "arrow"; kede-düm (Лоск.) "gun"
Pumpokol: damóŋ (Сл.) 'arrow'
Comments: ССЕ 225. Werner 1, 213, 2, 258 (although words for 'window' are hardly related, see *dam-χuχ).
Proto-Yenisseian: *dǝn-
Meaning: dragon-fly
Ket: dʌndi5 / dъ̄ndi1 / dъ̄nt1
Yug: dʌnabʌj6, pl. dʌnabʌjeŋ5,6
Comments: ССЕ 221. Werner 1, 216 *dǝnǝ.
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